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Evolutionary Morphing

conferencePaper

DOI:10.1109/VISUAL.2005.1532826
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Authors: Wiley D.F. / Amenta N. / Alcantara D.A. / Ghosh D. / Kil Y.J. / Delson E. / Harcourt-Smith W. / Rohlf F.J. / St. John K. / Hamann B.

Extracted Abstract:

Weintroduceatechniquetovisualizethegradualevolutionary changeoftheshapesoflivingthingsasamorphbetweenknown three-dimensionalshapes.Givengeometriccomputermodelsof anatomicalshapesforsomecollectionofspecimens-herethe skullsofthesomeoftheextantmembersofafamilyofmonkeys -anevolutionarytreeforthegroupimpliesahypothesisaboutthe wayinwhichtheshapechangedthroughtime.Weuseastatisti- calmodelwhichexpressesthevalueofsomecontinuousvariableat aninternalpointinthetreeasaweightedaverageofthevaluesat theleaves.Theframeworkofgeometricmorphometricscanthenbe usedtodeneashape-space,basedonthecorrespondencesofland- markpointsonthesurfaces,withinwhichtheseweightedaverages canberealizedasactualsurfaces. Oursoftwareprovidestoolsforperformingandvisualizingsuchan analysisinthreedimensions.Beginningwithlaserrangescansof crania,weuseourlandmarkeditortointeractivelyplacelandmark pointsonthesurface.Weusethesetocomputea“tree-morph”that smoothlyinterpolatestheshapesacrossthetree.Eachintermediate shapeinthemorphisalinearcombinationofalloftheinputsur- faces.Wecreateasurfacemodelforanintermediateshapebywarp- ingalltheinputmeshestowardsthecorrectshapeandthenblending themtogether.Todotheblending,wecomputeaweightedaverage oftheirassociatedtrivariatedistancefunctionsandthenextracta surfacefromtheresultingfunction.Weimplementthisideausing thesquareddistancefunction,ratherthantheusualsigneddistance function,inanovelway. CRCategories:I.4.10[ImageProcessingandComputerVision]: ImageRepresentation—Morphological;I.3.8[ComputerGraph- ics]:Applications Keywords:morphometrics,morphing,surfaceblending,merging, warping,distanceelds,extremalsurface  e-mail:wiley@cs.ucdavis.edu,amenta@cs.ucdavis.edu, eedlc@cunyvm.cuny.edu,willhs@amnh.org,rohlf@life.bio.sunysb.edu 1

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